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<dc:title lang="en">Business, Economic Experts, and Conservative Party Building in Latin America: The Case of El Salvador</dc:title>
<dc:title lang="es">Empresarios, expertos económicos y la construcción de partidos de derecha en América Latina: el caso de El Salvador</dc:title>
<dc:creator>Riitta-Ilona Koivumaeki; University of Texas at Austin</dc:creator>
<dc:subject lang="en">Political Science</dc:subject>
<dc:subject lang="en">Political parties; Conservative parties; Relations between economic actors and states/politics; Pressure group politics; Professional associations; Experts</dc:subject>
<dc:subject lang="en">320; 322; 324; 330; 972</dc:subject>
<dc:subject lang="es">Ciencia Política</dc:subject>
<dc:subject lang="es">Partidos políticos; Partidos conservadores; Relaciones entre actores económicos y estados; Política de los grupos de presión; Asociaciones profesionales; Expertos</dc:subject>
<dc:description lang="en">A wave of leftist governments has swept Latin America in recent years, attracting a great deal of scholarly attention. Yet a number of new conservative parties have attained considerable electoral success, as well. This paper argues that a conservative party can succeed electorally and consolidate organizationally when it is supported by two strong groups in society: the business community and the neoliberal technocrats. To assess the argument, I explore the successful trajectory of the rightist Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA) in El Salvador. I then evaluate the generalizability of the argument by comparing ARENA’s trajectory with another conservative party in the region, Unión Demócrata Independiente (UDI) in Chile. In addition to proposing a new theory for conservative party success in Latin America, the paper calls for the revival of socioeconomic explanations in political science.</dc:description>
<dc:description lang="es">Recientemente, América Latina ha vivido un auge de gobiernos de izquierda que han atraído la atención de académicos y especialistas. Sin embargo, algunos partidos de derecha han logrado considerable éxito también. Este artículo sugiere que este último tipo de partidos pueden ser electoralmente exitosos y consolidar su organización cuando los apoyan dos fuertes grupos de la sociedad: los empresarios y los tecnócratas neoliberales. Para desarrollar dicho argumento, este ensayo examina el partido salvadoreño “Alianza Republicana Nacionalista” (ARENA) y lo compara con el, también exitoso, “Unión Demócrata Independiente” (UDI) de Chile. Así, además de proponer una teoría nueva sobre el éxito de partidos de derecha en America Latina, este artículo llama la atención sobre la utilidad de las explicaciones socioeconómicas en la Ciencia Política.</dc:description>
<dc:publisher lang="en">GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies</dc:publisher>
<dc:date>2010-04-26</dc:date>
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<dc:identifier>https://journals.sub.uni-hamburg.de/giga/jpla/article/view/220</dc:identifier>
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<dc:source lang="en">Journal of Politics in Latin America; Vol 2, No 1 (2010); 79-106</dc:source>
<dc:language>en</dc:language>
<dc:coverage lang="en">El Salvador</dc:coverage>
<dc:coverage lang="en">Recent</dc:coverage>
<dc:coverage lang="es">El Salvador</dc:coverage>
<dc:coverage lang="es">Reciente</dc:coverage>
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<title>Business, Economic Experts, and Conservative Party Building in Latin America: The Case of El Salvador</title>
<author>Riitta-Ilona Koivumaeki; University of Texas at Austin</author>
<date>2010-04-26</date>
<copyright><strong>Authors' Certification</strong><br /><br />In submitting the manuscript, the authors certify that:<br /><br />1. They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.<br /><br />2. The submitted manuscript is original and has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis or working paper), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication has been approved by all the authors and that the authors have full authority to enter into this agreement. <br /><br />3. They have secured the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.<br /><br />4. Their manuscript contains nothing that is unlawful, libelous, or which would, if published, constitute a breach of contract or of confidence or of commitment given to secrecy.<br /><br />5. They agree to the following license and copyright agreement:<br /><ul><strong>Copyright Agreement</strong><br />Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: <br />1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication in print and online. The work is distributed under the <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/de/deed.en" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works License</a>, which allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. However, the work may not be altered or transformed. The license is valid for both electronic and paper copies.<br />2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. <br />3. Authors grant GIGA commercial rights to produce hardcopy volumes of the journal for sale to libraries and individuals, as well as to integrate the work, its title, and its abstract in databases, abstracting and indexing services, and other similar information sources.<br />4. Court of jurisdiction is Hamburg, Germany.<br /><br /><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/de/legalcode" target="_blank">The full legal code of this license</a> (in German)</ul></copyright>
<copyright><strong>Certificación del autor</strong><br /><br /> Al enviar el manuscrito, los autores certifican que: <br /><br />1. Están autorizados por sus coautores para hacerlo. <br /><br />2. El manuscrito enviado es original y no ha sido publicado con anterioridad (excepto en forma de resumen o como parte de una conferencia publicada, reseña, tesis o documento de trabajo); no está siendo examinado para su publicación por ninguna otra revista; su publicación ha sido aprobada por todos los autores; y, los autores tienen plena autoridad para realizar este acuerdo. <br /><br />3. Declaran su derecho a reproducir todo el material que ya haya sido publicado o sujeto a copyright en algún otro lugar. <br /><br />4. El manuscrito no contiene nada ilegal ni difamatorio ni que, de ser publicado, pudiese constituir una violación contractual o de la confianza o del compromiso de confidencialidad. <br /><br />5. Acceden al siguiente acuerdo de licencia y copyright: <ul>Los Autores de Acuerdo de Copyright que publican en esta publicación están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos: <br />1. Los autores conservan el copyright y proporcionan a la revista el derecho de primera publicación impresa y en línea. La obra se distribuye bajo la <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/de/deed.en" target="_blank">Licencia Creative Commons Attribution No-Derivative Works</a>, que permite que terceros compartan el trabajo reconociendo la autoría del mismo y su primera publicación en esta revista. Sin embargo, la obra no puede ser alterada ni transformada. La licencia es válida para copias electrónicas y en papel. <br />2. Los autores pueden llegar a acuerdos contractuales independientes y adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión del trabajo publicada en la revista (p. ej. enviarla a un archivo institucional o publicarla en un libro), especificando que fue publicada por primera vez en esta revista. <br />3. Los autores otorgan a GIGA derechos comerciales para producir ejemplares en papel de la revista para su venta a bibliotecas y particulares, así como para incluir el trabajo, su título y su resumen en bases de datos, servicios de resúmenes e indexado y otras fuentes de información similares. <br />4. El tribunal competente es el de Hamburgo (Alemania).<br /><br /> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/de/legalcode" target="_blank">Código legal completo de esta licencia</a> (en alemán)</ul></copyright>
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<abstract>A wave of leftist governments has swept Latin America in recent years, attracting a great deal of scholarly attention. Yet a number of new conservative parties have attained considerable electoral success, as well. This paper argues that a conservative party can succeed electorally and consolidate organizationally when it is supported by two strong groups in society: the business community and the neoliberal technocrats. To assess the argument, I explore the successful trajectory of the rightist Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA) in El Salvador. I then evaluate the generalizability of the argument by comparing ARENA’s trajectory with another conservative party in the region, Unión Demócrata Independiente (UDI) in Chile. In addition to proposing a new theory for conservative party success in Latin America, the paper calls for the revival of socioeconomic explanations in political science.</abstract>
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<dc:title lang="eng" type="ddb:titleISO639-2">Business, Economic Experts, and Conservative Party Building in Latin America: The Case of El Salvador</dc:title>
<dc:title lang="spa" type="ddb:titleISO639-2">Empresarios, expertos económicos y la construcción de partidos de derecha en América Latina: el caso de El Salvador</dc:title>
<dc:creator type="pc:MetaPers">
<pc:person>
<pc:name type="nameUsedByThePerson">
<pc:foreName>Riitta-Ilona</pc:foreName>
<pc:surName>Koivumaeki</pc:surName>
</pc:name>
</pc:person>
</dc:creator>
<dc:subject type="dcterms:DDC">320; 322; 324; 330; 972</dc:subject>
<dc:subject type="xMetaDiss:noScheme">Political Science</dc:subject>
<dc:subject type="xMetaDiss:noScheme">Ciencia Política</dc:subject>
<dc:subject type="xMetaDiss:noScheme">Political parties; Conservative parties; Relations between economic actors and states/politics; Pressure group politics; Professional associations; Experts</dc:subject>
<dc:subject type="xMetaDiss:noScheme">Partidos políticos; Partidos conservadores; Relaciones entre actores económicos y estados; Política de los grupos de presión; Asociaciones profesionales; Expertos</dc:subject>
<dcterms:abstract lang="eng" type="ddb:contentISO639-2">A wave of leftist governments has swept Latin America in recent years, attracting a great deal of scholarly attention. Yet a number of new conservative parties have attained considerable electoral success, as well. This paper argues that a conservative party can succeed electorally and consolidate organizationally when it is supported by two strong groups in society: the business community and the neoliberal technocrats. To assess the argument, I explore the successful trajectory of the rightist Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA) in El Salvador. I then evaluate the generalizability of the argument by comparing ARENA’s trajectory with another conservative party in the region, Unión Demócrata Independiente (UDI) in Chile. In addition to proposing a new theory for conservative party success in Latin America, the paper calls for the revival of socioeconomic explanations in political science.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract lang="spa" type="ddb:contentISO639-2">Recientemente, América Latina ha vivido un auge de gobiernos de izquierda que han atraído la atención de académicos y especialistas. Sin embargo, algunos partidos de derecha han logrado considerable éxito también. Este artículo sugiere que este último tipo de partidos pueden ser electoralmente exitosos y consolidar su organización cuando los apoyan dos fuertes grupos de la sociedad: los empresarios y los tecnócratas neoliberales. Para desarrollar dicho argumento, este ensayo examina el partido salvadoreño “Alianza Republicana Nacionalista” (ARENA) y lo compara con el, también exitoso, “Unión Demócrata Independiente” (UDI) de Chile. Así, además de proponer una teoría nueva sobre el éxito de partidos de derecha en America Latina, este artículo llama la atención sobre la utilidad de las explicaciones socioeconómicas en la Ciencia Política.</dcterms:abstract>
<dc:publisher type="cc:Publisher">
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<cc:name>German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA)</cc:name>
<cc:place>Hamburg</cc:place>
</cc:universityOrInstitution>
<cc:address>Neuer Jungfernstieg 21, 20354 Hamburg</cc:address>
</dc:publisher>
<dc:publisher type="cc:Publisher">
<cc:universityOrInstitution>
<cc:name>Hamburg University Press</cc:name>
<cc:place>Hamburg</cc:place>
</cc:universityOrInstitution>
<cc:address>Von-Melle-Park 3, 20146 Hamburg</cc:address>
</dc:publisher>
<dcterms:issued type="dcterms:W3CDTF">2010-04-26</dcterms:issued>
<dc:type type="dini:PublType">article</dc:type>
<dc:identifier type="urn:nbn">urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-4-2208</dc:identifier>
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<dc:rights type="ddb:noScheme"><strong>Certificación del autor</strong><br /><br /> Al enviar el manuscrito, los autores certifican que: <br /><br />1. Están autorizados por sus coautores para hacerlo. <br /><br />2. El manuscrito enviado es original y no ha sido publicado con anterioridad (excepto en forma de resumen o como parte de una conferencia publicada, reseña, tesis o documento de trabajo); no está siendo examinado para su publicación por ninguna otra revista; su publicación ha sido aprobada por todos los autores; y, los autores tienen plena autoridad para realizar este acuerdo. <br /><br />3. Declaran su derecho a reproducir todo el material que ya haya sido publicado o sujeto a copyright en algún otro lugar. <br /><br />4. El manuscrito no contiene nada ilegal ni difamatorio ni que, de ser publicado, pudiese constituir una violación contractual o de la confianza o del compromiso de confidencialidad. <br /><br />5. Acceden al siguiente acuerdo de licencia y copyright: <ul>Los Autores de Acuerdo de Copyright que publican en esta publicación están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos: <br />1. Los autores conservan el copyright y proporcionan a la revista el derecho de primera publicación impresa y en línea. La obra se distribuye bajo la <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/de/deed.en" target="_blank">Licencia Creative Commons Attribution No-Derivative Works</a>, que permite que terceros compartan el trabajo reconociendo la autoría del mismo y su primera publicación en esta revista. Sin embargo, la obra no puede ser alterada ni transformada. La licencia es válida para copias electrónicas y en papel. <br />2. Los autores pueden llegar a acuerdos contractuales independientes y adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión del trabajo publicada en la revista (p. ej. enviarla a un archivo institucional o publicarla en un libro), especificando que fue publicada por primera vez en esta revista. <br />3. Los autores otorgan a GIGA derechos comerciales para producir ejemplares en papel de la revista para su venta a bibliotecas y particulares, así como para incluir el trabajo, su título y su resumen en bases de datos, servicios de resúmenes e indexado y otras fuentes de información similares. <br />4. El tribunal competente es el de Hamburgo (Alemania).<br /><br /> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/de/legalcode" target="_blank">Código legal completo de esta licencia</a> (en alemán)</ul></dc:rights>
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